Composite materials are materials made from two or more constituent materials with significantly different physical or chemical properties Wholesale Andrew Wiggins Jersey , that when combined, produce a material with characteristics different from the individual components.
The individual components remain separate and distinct within the finished structure. The new material may be preferred for many reasons: common examples include materials which are stronger, lighter or less expensive when compared to traditional materials. One of the most common composite materials in the plastics world are reinforced plastics, which are standard plastics combined with carbon or glass fiber to produce a stronger material.
Composite materials include:
Composite building materials such as cements, concrete
Reinforced plastics such as fiber-reinforced polymer
Metal Composites
Ceramic Composites (composite ceramic and metal matrices)
Composite materials have an enormous range of applications, including anything from the construction of buildings Wholesale Jordan Hill Jersey , bridges and structures, as well as in parts such as boat hulls, swimming pool panels, race car bodies, shower stalls, bathtubs Wholesale Shabazz Muhammad Jersey , storage tanks, imitation granite and cultured marble sinks and counter tops. Composite materials can be found in practically any industry.
Thermoplastic composites are plastic specific composite materials, able to be produced on standard processing equipment such as extrusion or injection molding, however, additional materials or additives are combined with the plastic to change the physical properties to achieve a desired specification. Some of the advantages of thermoplastic composites include unlimited shelf life, faster production Wholesale Nikola Pekovic Jersey , and the recyclability of scrap. Thermoplastic composites offer substantial reductions in flammability, and smoke and toxicity performance, and are relatively insensitive to chemical attack. Typical uses are in automotive, sporting goods, marine use, and in construction. Some thermoplastic composites for example are designed to withstand extreme temperature environments Wholesale Adreian Payne Jersey , for example in many aircraft or in industrial applications. Other composites may focus on strength or wear resistance.
It is important to note the difference between thermoplastics and thermoset materials. A thermoset is a petrochemical material that irreversibly cures following a catalytic reaction. The cure may be induced by heat, generally above 200 °C (392 °F), through a chemical reaction, or by suitable irradiation.Thermoset materials are usually liquid or malleable prior to curing and are designed to be molded into their final form, or used as adhesives. Others are solids like that of the molding compound used in semiconductors and integrated circuits (IC).
In contrast to crosslinking thermosets, whose cure reaction cannot be reversed Wholesale Omri Casspi Jersey , thermoplastic composites harden when cooled but retain their plasticity; that is, they will melt once again and can be reshaped by reheating them above their processing temperature. Less-expensive thermoplastic composites offer lower processing temperatures but also have limited use temperatures.
Since the 1960s, the vast majority of composite materials for aerospace have been based on thermoset materials, especially in the United States, due to their material cost and the costs associated with conversion to new materials, such as thermoplastics. However Wholesale Ricky Rubio Jersey , limitations of thermoset polymers, such as their inability to be re-melted, shorter shelf-life, higher storage costs, and longer curing times, coupled with pressures to reduce weight and an otherwise evolving aerospace environment Wholesale Lance Stephenson Jersey , have opened up opportunities for thermoplastic composites.
Thermoplastic composite materials have changed the landscape of materials and are continuously being introduced into new industries, products, and applications. The following are the advantages of thermoplastic composite materials:
Affordable replacement of aluminum, steel and titanium
Improved heat tolerance
Increased toughness
Chemical resistance
Enhanced stiffness
Greater compressive strength
Longer material lifespan
Non-toxic to produce
Recyclable for other processes
Low manufacturing cost
Weldable
Reshaping and reforming flexibility
Recyclable for other processes
These are the basics of composites and thermoplastic composites. "
ZURICH, Dec. 9 (Xinhua) -- The world soccer governing body FIFA and France Football magazine announced on Monday the three-man shortlist for this year's Ballon d'Or with Lionel Messi, Franck Ribery and Cristiano Ronaldo to vie for the award.
Messi of Argentina has won the award for four consecutive times while Ronaldo of Portugal won the award in 2008. And Ronaldo has been seen as the favorite to win this year's award following his solid performance in the national team as well as in his club Real Madrid.
Ribery of France was already named Europe's best player for helping Bayern Munich win the Champions League Wholesale Kris Dunn Jersey , Bundesliga and German Cup last season.
The Ballon d'Or will be presented in Zurich on January 13.
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